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Varicocele Treatment

Hope Healing Happiness
in Fertility Care

A varicocele is an enlargement of the veins within your spermatic cord (the bundle that holds the testicles). It’s similar to varicose veins that occur in the legs. While varicoceles often don’t cause symptoms, they might feel like “spaghetti” under the skin or produce a dull ache in the affected area.

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Varicocele Treatment

What is Varicocele ?

A varicocele is an enlargement of the veins within your spermatic cord (the bundle that holds the testicles). It’s similar to varicose veins that occur in the legs. While varicoceles often don’t cause symptoms, they might feel like “spaghetti” under the skin or produce a dull ache in the affected area.

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TYPES OF VARICOCELE

Although often painless, noticeable enlargement may be felt or seen, especially in larger varicocel.

  • Unilaterally (most frequently on the left side)
  • Or bilaterally, affecting both sides.

DIAGNOSIS

Diagnosis typically involves:

  • A medical history review and physical exam: your provider may ask you to stand, hold your breath, and bear down (Valsalva maneuver) to feel for enlarged veins.
  • A pelvic/scrotal ultrasound to visualize vein enlargement and confirm diagnosis

Symptoms

Common signs of a varicocele include:

  • Dull testicular or scrotal pain or aching, often relieved when lying down
  • Swelling of the testicles or scrotum
  • Shrinkage or atrophy of the affected testicle
  • A small lump or a sensation resembling a “bag of worms”
  • Difficulties achieving pregnancy (infertility)

Although often painless, noticeable enlargement may be felt or seen, especially in larger varicoceles.

Treatments and Procedures

Conservative Measures

  • Observation:If asymptomatic and not impacting fertility, treatment may not be needed
  • Symptom relief: Applying ice packs (wrapped in cloth), and taking OTC NSAIDs like ibuprofen or naproxen for discomfort

Techniques:

  • Microsurgical varicocelectomy
    1–3 hours, uses microscopy for precision
  • Laparoscopic varicocelectomy
    30–40 minutes per side; bilateral surgery takes longer.

Surgical Intervention: Varicocelectomy

  • Purpose
    Surgical removal or ligation of enlarged veins to reduce pain and improve fertility .

Candidates

  • Men with pain, infertility, or low testosterone are common candidates — about half of men with infertility opt for varicocelectomy.

Results Varicocele

  • Fertility improvement: Post-surgery pregnancy rates may increase to nearly 70%.
  • Pain reduction Many experience relief from discomfort and improved testicular function.
  • Safety: Generally a safe procedure with low complication rates.
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Side Effects & Recovery

Side effects Include:

  • Typical surgical risks: anesthesia complications, infection, bleeding, hematoma, bruising, hydrocele formation, scarring, and rare injury to testicular artery.
  • Rare recurrence, or loss of testicular function if complications arise.

Recovery timeline:

  • Swelling/bruising usually improves within 3–4 weeks; tenderness can persist up to 6 weeks
  • Most can return to school/work within 3 days
  • Avoid heavy lifting, sexual activity (including masturbation) for at least 1 week
  • Cold compresses, hygiene, diet for easy bowel movements, and ensuring rest aid recovery