Laparoscopy & Hysteroscopy
Hope Healing Happiness
in Fertility Care
Intrauterine Insemination (IUI) is a type of fertility treatment where specially prepared sperm is placed directly into a woman’s uterus using a thin catheter.
Laparoscopy & Hysteroscopy
What is Laparoscopy ?
Laparoscopy is a minimally invasive surgical technique where a camera (laparoscope) is inserted through small abdominal incisions. It lets doctors view and operate on pelvic organs like the uterus, ovaries, and fallopian tubes with high precision .
What is Hysteroscopy ?
Hysteroscopy involves inserting a thin, lighted telescope (hysteroscope) through the cervix into the uterus to directly look inside the uterine cavity. It’s used both for diagnosing and treating issues such as polyps, fibroids, adhesions, congenital uterine malformations, and more .
When is Laparoscopy Considered ?
Doctors may recommend hysteroscopy when:
- There’s infertility, especially with recurrent miscarriage or failed IVF transfers .
- Tests show abnormal uterine bleeding, polyps, fibroids, or suspected adhesions (Asherman’s syndrome).
- There’s suspicion of congenital uterine anomalies (like a uterine septum), or retained tissue post-pregnancy or misplaced IUD .
When is Hysteroscopy Considered ?
Doctors may recommend hysteroscopy when:
- There’s infertility, especially with recurrent miscarriage or failed IVF transfers .
- Tests show abnormal uterine bleeding, polyps, fibroids, or suspected adhesions (Asherman’s syndrome).
- There’s suspicion of congenital uterine anomalies (like a uterine septum), or retained tissue post-pregnancy or misplaced IUD.
Types of Laparoscopy
Diagnostic laparoscopy
- To confirm conditions like endometriosis or adhesions.
Therapeutic laparoscopy
- Removes endometriosis, adhesions, fibroids, or repairs tubes.
Chromopertubation (tubal dye test)
- Dye is injected and visualized exiting the tubes to check for blockages—considered the gold standard .
Zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT)
- A specialized technique using laparoscopy to place a fertilized embryo (zygote) directly into the fallopian tube; historically used when IVF failed or for tubal pathologies .
Operative hysteroscopy
- Combines viewing with treatment—removing polyps, fibroids, scar tissue, or septa—all in one procedure.
Types of Hysteroscopy
Diagnostic hysteroscopy
- Just viewing the uterine cavity to identify problems.
Operative hysteroscopy
- Combines viewing with treatment—removing polyps, fibroids, scar tissue, or septa—all in one procedure
Step Process
Procedure of Laparoscopy
Step 1
- A few small incisions are made; abdomen is inflated with CO₂ for better visibility .
Step 2 :
- Instruments are inserted; diagnostic viewing and dye tests can accompany treatment.
Step 3 :
- Surgery targets issues like endometriosis, fibroids, adhesions, or blocked tubes.
Step 4 :
- Recovery may take a few days to a week depending on how extensive the surgery is.
Procedure of Hysteroscopy
Step 1
- Performed soon after menstruation (for best visibility), unless irregular cycles or menopause.
Step 2 :
- Cervix is gently dilated, and the hysteroscope is inserted.
Step 3 :
- A liquid medium is used to gently expand the cavity for clear visualization.
Step 4 :
- If needed, tools within the hysteroscope remove or correct anomalies (e.g., cut out a polyp or scar tissue).
Step 5 :
- Recovery is generally quick; many women go home the same day.
Outcomes of Laparoscopy
- Treating endometriosis, even mild forms, can double spontaneous fertility—raising pregnancy rates from roughly 20% to over 40% in some cases .
- Correcting tubal blockages via chromopertubation or tubal surgery can restore fertility—though sometimes IVF remains necessary .
- ZIFT shows higher implantation and pregnancy rates compared to IVF in some studies, though it’s less common now.
Outcomes of Hysteroscopy
- Treating problems like fibroids, polyps, or adhesions this way improves chances of pregnancy—and avoids trauma compared to open surgery. Removing these obstructions often leads to better fertility outcomes .